Cover Story:
Mobile Electro Therapy
& Drug Withdrawal.

Therapy Closeup:
Wrist to Wrist Stimulation.

Special Guest Contributor:
Pat Searles, Snr. Counsellor
Drug Users Parents' Aid Foundation (DUPA).

User Profiles:
Two ex-drug users tell their stories.

The Fact Files:
Medical research from around the world in support of Electrical Stimulation in drug withdrawal programs.

These research article abstracts have been downloaded from the Medline database at www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/

Electrosleep - A term originally used for a specific type of electrical stimulation, known for inducing sleep, but now used interchangeably with electrical stimulation.

Cranial Electro Stimulation (CES) - When one electrode is placed on either side of the head. Some commentators believe this technique has a direct affect on the brain, but this seems highly unlikely. The most probable pathway is through the sensory nerves of the head and then to the brain - which is the normal course of all sensory input. This explanation also accounts for the fact that sedative stimulation works when electrodes are placed wrist to wrist.

Mastoid bone / Mastoid process - the bony process just behind the ear, typically the point at which electrodes are placed for CES (although ear to ear stimulation is just as valid).

Nalaxaone - An opiate antagonist - a chemical agent that reverses the effect of opiates (heroin, morphine, and endorphins). If nalaxone can reverse the pain relief caused by electrical stimulation, it is strongly indicative that endorphins (the body's natural pain killing hormone) are involved.